When a drug is OTC, 49% of people get information about the drug from mass media, and only 27% contact their doctors with questions about OTC drugs. You insert the ring at the closed end of the female condom deep into your vagina (like a diaphragm). Drug makers to date have little interest in going through the process to make a drug over-the-counter because it can take a long time and the costs are significant. [78], Holly Grigg-Spall, health author, stated, “Health problems caused by hormonal contraceptives can appear a few months, a few years or longer into use as each woman processes the synthetic chemicals differently. It covers the cervix (opening to the uterus) so it blocks sperm from entering. [37]. An accessible, available over-the-counter birth control pill isn’t everything though! [54]. Prescription birth control methods like hormonal contraception tend to be more effective than over-the-counter birth control. [70] [71] [72]. [27] [28] [29], Alison Block, MD, physician, said: “My main philosophy as someone who provides reproductive health care is to trust women to make their own decisions. You can buy spermicide as a cream, foam, film, gel, tablet, or suppository. Further, at least 14% of women on the Pill are using the drug exclusively for noncontraceptive reasons, such as acne and irregular menstrual cycles. 2. To be extra safe, buy emergency contraception ahead of time, just in case birth control failure happens or you forget to use birth control. Proponents say making the birth control pill available over-the-counter would lower teen pregnancy rates, provide contraceptive access to medically underserved women, and ease access to a health-improving drug with decades of safe use. Over-the-counter birth control methods are reliable, effective, and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). You can get them for free at all sorts of places including clinics and health centers. [5], And other OTC drugs carry more serious risks: non-steroidal pain pills (NSAIDS) like ibuprofen can cause stomach bleeding; Sudafed can raise blood pressure; Tylenol can cause liver toxicity; antihistamines like Benadryl can worsen glaucoma and kidney disease; and diet pills can cause irregular heart beats and raise blood pressure. “Over-the-counter hormonal birth control would be a step toward greater access to an essential component of women’s health care and give adolescents and … It's made of solid polyurethane foam, contains spermicide, and has a nylon loop attached to the bottom for removal. [25], 62.5% of women surveyed said birth control reduces stress, 56.3% said it helps working women continue to work, 49.0% said it helped women get an education, and 48.7% said it led to more stable relationships with partners. 59% of sexually active teen girls would rather stop getting all reproductive health care services than have to tell their parents about their contraceptive use. Drugs Switched from Prescription to Over-the-Counter Status, Prescription Status of Birth Control Pills around the World. [39] [40], The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) stated: “ACOG has long supported over-the-counter access to oral contraceptives. "OTC Birth Control Pills." [22], The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stated: “The most effective way to reduce abortion rates is to prevent unintended pregnancy by improving access to consistent, effective, and affordable contraception… [and a] strategy for improving access to contraception is to allow over-the-counter access to oral contraceptive pills.” [23] The Guttmacher Institute stated that “more and better contraceptive use” caused the 13% decline in abortion rates between 2008 and 2011. This is a result of teenagers being more likely to utilize over the counter birth control since taking the pill is an everyday routine and isn’t attached to the emotional weight of sex. [52] This lack of knowledge, combined with increased sexual activity due to mistaken confidence in the inability to get pregnant, could lead to more teen pregnancies. [38], Uninsured women may also save money by eliminating the insurance companies as middle-man. Condoms can be made of latex, polyurethane (plastic), natural membrane (lambskin), or polyisoprene (non-latex natural rubber). Birth Control Pills: Often referred to as 'the pill,' birth control pills are a form of hormonal contraception. Making oral contraceptives available without a prescription has the potential to increase the number of women using this method and reduce gaps in use. [66] [67] The birth control in these cases is covered by insurance. [49], Robin Marty, health writer, noted that because the more effective options “would require a doctor’s visit and the Pill would just require a trip to the store, women may be inclined to use less effective contraception for the sake of convenience.” [50], The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stated, “adolescents need special attention at every visit for contraceptive services, including comprehensive counseling about sexuality, sexually transmitted disease and emergency contraception.” [51]. Affordable for … . Most American women favor making the birth control pill accessible over the counter. Then, you insert the sponge into your vagina before having sex. After the drug became OTC, the cost increased to $50 for the brand name and $41 for the generic. Now, the birth control section in stores is easy to find, and there’s a much larger variety of options available. Surveys repeatedly have demonstrated interest among adolescents and adult women in over-the-counter access to oral contraceptives 3 11 12.A 2011 national survey about views on over-the-counter oral contraceptives queried 2,046 women aged 18–44 years who are sexually active with a male partner and who reported they do not desire pregnancy. Condoms are everywhere—just ask Condom Finder. Typical use of the Pill results in nine unintended pregnancies out of 100 women after one year of use and increases steadily to 61 unintended pregnancies out of 100 after ten years of typical use. With so many options and varieties, it may be fun to be a little adventurous. When you're looking for birth control online, remember that some methods are only sold in the stores while other methods may only be sold online. Further, any decision involving birth control can be politically controversial. So if you want to buy over-the-counter birth control, you'll need a way to get to the store and money to pay. If you prefer to stick with over-the-counter options, it might be a good idea to use a combination of these methods, so that for example you use spermicide or the sponge with a condom and keep some emergency contraception on hand for backup. However, not all morning-after pill brands can be bought OTC. Oncotarget. Drugs that can interfere with birth control pills include the antibiotic rifampin, many anti-HIV drugs, some anti-fungal medications, some anti-seizure drugs, the stimulant modafinil, many drugs to treat epilepsy, some medications for bipolar disorder, and many herbal remedies including flaxseed and St. John’s wort. Currently, the only available over-the-counter contraceptives are non-hormonal methods like condoms and spermicide. HRA Pharma, a French pharmaceutical company, has recently formed a partnership with the nonprofit research organization Ibis Reproductive Health to conduct the research needed to prepare and submit a new drug application for an OTC progestin-only pill to the FDA. It also does not offer protection against sexually transmitted infections. It may take some practice when it comes to using female condoms. Should all Americans have the right (be entitled) to health care? [14] [42] [43] [44], Making birth control pills OTC means they would no longer be covered by insurance and women would have to pay for them on their own. It requires regular ovulation, and that can take a few years to become established. (This new law also covers birth control injections and vaginal rings, plus there's no age minimul like there is in Oregon and Washington, which also sells OTC birth control. However, Pap smears are now recommended every three years instead of every year, and only after a woman has turned 21. [12] [13], Denicia Cadena, Policy Director for Young Women United in New Mexico, stated: “Our rural communities are most profoundly impacted by our state’s health care and provider shortages. There are no age requirements, so anybody can buy over-the-counter birth control. Yet all women will be changed by these drugs. Twenty million women live in “contraception deserts,” places with one clinic or fewer per 1,000 women who need government-funded birth control from programs such as Medicare. Who is the author? Gun Control – Should More Gun Control Laws Be Enacted? [38], Getting birth control by prescription has several associated costs that would be eliminated with OTC status, including co-pays for doctor’s visits and time taken off work to go to the doctor. Over-the-counter (OTC) birth control options were minimal and hard to find. That’s why the early years of menstruation are exactly the wrong time to take hormonal birth control.” [79], © 2020 Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. Over-the-counter birth control would reduce unintended pregnancies, save money For some women, going to a healthcare provider to obtain a prescription stands in the way of using birth control. Many people may prefer to keep their contraceptive use between them and their doctors. Condoms are also one of the few birth control methods that can help protect against sexually transmitted infections. [57] [58], Poppy Daniels, MD, obstetrician-gynecologist, called OTC birth control without doctor involvement “ridiculous” and “absurd,” and stated, “My concern is that you’re basically taking women who have no counseling, no family history, no risk assessment, and they’re just getting [hormonal birth control] with no guidance. The Pill is currently available by prescription only, and a debate has emerged about whether the birth control pill should be available over-the-counter (OTC), which means the Pill would be available along with other drugs such as Tylenol and Benadryl in drug store aisles. [45] The National Women’s Law Center estimates that 62.8 million women have birth control coverage with no out-of-pocket cost. [74] Some medical practitioners believe that pharmaceutical contraceptives in general are harmful because women are not as aware of their bodies or their natural cycles when taking synthetic hormones. 2010;116(6):1265–1273. School Uniforms – Should Students Have to Wear School Uniforms? If someday methods of birth control that are currently prescription-only—like the pill, patch, ring, and shot—do become available truly over the counter, there may be drawback for folks with health insurance. Medical Marijuana – Should Marijuana Be a Medical Option? You need a doctor's prescription to get birth control pills (either progestin-only pills , combination pills , or extended cycle pills ). The same survey found that 28% of women using no birth control and 32.7% of women using a less effective form of birth control would use OTC Pills, a market of about 11 million women. They're also a great over-the-counter birth control option to use while having sex in the water. How to Get Over-The-Counter Birth Control [53], Jennifer Ashton, MD, gynecologist, stated, “It’s generally accepted knowledge that the overall health literacy of the lay population is about at the 7th-grade level,” adding that even with one-on-one counseling and explanations about how the Pill works, patients are still confused. Moving the Pill over-the-counter would eliminate the insurance companies as middle-man between women and the Pill, thus making the drugs less expensive. 5. [17], Only 5% of unintended pregnancies have happened while the woman used effective birth control consistently. 11-21% of sexually active low-income women studied were more likely to use the Pill if it were available OTC. Even some of the most commonly used over-the-counter medications, like acetaminophen and aspirin, can cause negative health effects in some people. They’re both worthwhile goals, but one should not be held hostage to the other.” [31], Women can sort out for themselves whether hormonal birth control is right for them. Keep in mind that over-the-counter birth control product selection will differ from store to store. Covered by insurance. There are many types of condoms such as dry or lubricated, colored, flavored, and different shapes. [1] Unintended pregnancies cost the US federal and state governments $21 billion in 2010, the newest numbers available at the time of publication, with the average cost-per-birth being $12,770 for prenatal care, labor and delivery, postpartum care, and 12 months of infant care ($20,716 for 60 months). Obstet Gynecol. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0011, Burke AE, Barnhart K, Jensen JT, et al. [21], Krishna Upadhya, MD, MPH, physician, stated: “Decades of research show that a majority of adolescents initiate sex before the age of 18 and that earlier use of contraception reduces the risk of teen pregnancy. If you're too embarrassed to check out your local family planning aisle, or if you can't get to a store, you can also buy OTC birth control online. [65], Instead, some states are making birth control available without a prescription, but not over-the-counter. It contains the progestin levonorgestrel and should be taken within 72 hours (3 days) after unprotected sex or birth control failure—the sooner you take it, the better. ], ProCon.org. The use of birth control pills to prevent pregnancy is a mode favored by many women. Some face religious and social backlash for buying pills in full view of their pharmacist and people from their community… Some are young and under a certain state’s law can’t purchase birth control without a parent’s consent. [64] But, 99% of those teens would continue having sex. Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Illegal Immigration – What Are the Solutions to Illegal Immigration in America? These plastic pouches have flexible rings at each end. [60] [61], When the Pill is available by prescription only, a doctor usually requires a well woman exam every one or three years in order to obtain or maintain a birth control prescription. [77], The FDA notes the side effects of the Pill include changes in sexual desire, bleeding between periods, sore breasts, headaches, and nausea. [15] [16], 54% of unintended pregnancies are associated with not using contraceptives and 41% with inconsistent use. They collect semen before, during, and after ejaculation so they prevent sperm from entering the vagina. Here are your options for over-the-counter birth control: Condoms cover the penis during sex. Spermicide should be placed deep into the vagina right before sex. Since 1976, more than 90 drugs have switched from prescription to OTC status, including Sudafed (1976), Advil (1984), Rogaine (1996), Prilosec (2003), and Allegra (2011). [30] Only the drug manufacturer can initiate this process with the FDA, who decides on the prescription or OTC status of a drug based on applications submitted voluntarily by the manufacturers. You must keep the sponge in place for at least 6 hours after you have had sex. Over-the-counter means that they can be purchased without a prescription. Mandatory National Service – Should the United States Have Mandatory National Service? What is it? Making birth control OTC will make the price go down, because the consumer is less able to bear high prices than insurance companies Echospinner April.4.2019 at 1:48 am The morning-after pill consists of one pill and was approved by the FDA specifically for emergency contraception. [68], Women in some states can access birth control via an app or website from private companies. [46], Stuart O. Schweitzer, PhD, UCLA Professor of Health Policy and Management, stated that OTC is “more expensive to consumers than a prescribed drug that’s covered by insurance.” [47], Before Plan B emergency contraception went OTC, the drug cost about $12 for the brand name and $5 for the generic for women using Medicaid. Dawn Stacey, PhD, LMHC, is a published author, college professor, and mental health consultant with over 15 years of counseling experience. [24], A majority of American women–54%–agree that having access to birth control has health benefits. ProCon.org is the institutional or organization author for all ProCon.org pages. Most national chain stores, supermarkets, and pharmacies sell OTC birth control, though the options they each offer may vary. [49], Meanwhile, typical use of copper IUDs results in eight unintended pregnancies per 100 women after ten years of typical use, female sterilization results in five, the Levonorgestral IUD and male sterilization result in two, and hormonal implants result in just one. The idea that they have to [have a] conversation with a doctor to decide which method is best for them seems overly paternalistic and unnecessary.” [30], Often, doctors will only prescribe birth control pills once a patient has visited and had a pelvic exam. Plan B One-Step and other emergency contraception pills are available without a prescription and share the same active ingredient as daily birth control pills, levonorgestrel, but in a higher dose. The costs of OTC birth control online are typically lower than in-store prices. [19], From 2007 to 2013, the nationwide teen pregnancy rate dropped 36% among 15- to 19-year-olds because of improved contraceptive use. Among birth control methods, the Pill ranks seventh in effectiveness. Several women’s health and equality groups advocate that birth control should be available OTC. The sponge was taken off the market in 1995 but is now available again as an over-the-counter birth control option. 1. Recreational Marijuana – Should Recreational Marijuana Be Legal? Below are the proper citations for this page according to four style manuals (in alphabetical order): the Modern Language Association Style Manual (MLA), the Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago), the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), and Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (Turabian). The sponge also releases a spermicide that can kill sperm. The judge in the court case Tummino vs.Hamburg ruled that the morning-after pill can now be sold over-the-counter without any age requirements. Condoms. Over-the-counter birth control methods are reliable, effective, and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The “morning-after pill,” better known as Plan B, is already available over the counter in America. Birth control is an essential part of women’s health care, and over-the-counter status would help more women benefit from the ability to control their own reproductive health.” [41], At least 89 major medical and rights organizations support making the Pill OTC, including the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Family Physicians, the ACLU, National Women’s Law Center, and Planned Parenthood. Plan B, the emergency contraception that uses the same active ingredient as the Pill, was made available over-the-counter in 2006. doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181fc3b1a, Regidor PA. 60% of American women use some sort of contraception. Is Next Choice an Option for Emergency Contraception? The Pill is currently available by prescription only, and a debate has emerged about whether the birth control pill should be available over-the-counter (OTC), which means the Pill would be available along with other drugs such as Tylenol and Benadryl in drug store aisles. [25], Research supports these women’s conclusions, because state laws that allowed early access to the Pill (17 or 18 years old, instead of 21) are linked to higher women’s college graduation and employment rates, increased earning power, narrowed gender pay gap, and longer lasting marriages. An over-the-counter (OTC) birth control pill is finally on the horizon. Over-the-counter birth control wouldn’t be possible for methods that require insertion or administration by someone like a doctor, such as IUDs, the arm implant, and the birth control shot. Accessed January 14, 2021. https://birth-control.procon.org/. What You Should Know When Buying Plan B One-Step, Surgical and Non-Surgical Contraceptive Options for Overweight Women, Birth Control Pills and High Blood Pressure, Must Know Tips About Where to Get the Morning-After Pill, What to Consider When Choosing Birth Control. [34] [35] [36] 78.7% of women said it was “extremely or quite important” that birth control be easily obtained. [8] [9] The FDA has already indicated the safety of the drug by making Plan B available without prescription. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists endorsed over-the-counter birth control in 2012, arguing that it could improve access and … Of the 72.2 million American women of reproductive age, 64.9% use a contraceptive. The morning-after pill is NOT the same thing as the abortion pill, and it will NOT harm an existing pregnancy. The women were more cautious about contraindications (medical reasons not to take a drug) such as headaches, smoking, and potential pregnancy than their doctors were. [69] Some services deliver the birth control to the patient, eliminating the need to stop by a pharmacy. Score.) Last modified on November 15, 2018. [74], Journalist Sarah Elizabeth Richards points out, “Women visiting their pharmacists won’t have access to the most reliable forms of birth control on the market because those methods, such as implantable rods or intrauterine devices (IUDs), will still require a trip to a doctor’s office.” [75], And, even within birth control pill brands, choice will be limited. 2018;9(77):34628–34638. If the store doesn't have what you're looking for, you can check the store's website or another store's website. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Read our, Medically reviewed by Monique Rainford, MD, How to Get Over-The-Counter Birth Control, When Your Store Doesn't Have the Product You Want, Over-The-Counter Birth Control vs. Typical use of the Pill results in nine unintended pregnancies per 100 women after one year and increases steadily to 61 unintended pregnancies per 100 women after 10 years of typical use. [48] Kelly Cleland, MPA, MPH, Research Specialist at Columbia University stated, “When the generics [of Plan B] were about to go onto the shelves I thought there might be a price war that would push the cost down. What Is the Most Effective OTC Birth Control Method? [3] The National Latina Institute of Reproductive Health stated: “over-the-counter access will greatly reduce the systemic barriers, like poverty, immigration status and language, that currently prevent Latinas from regularly accessing birth control and results in higher rates of unintended pregnancy.” [14], Other medically underserved communities, such as LGBT+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and others) people, are more than twice as likely to be uninsured (15% of all LGBT+ compared to 7% of non-LGBT+ people) and more likely to face discrimination in the healthcare industry, resulting in less or no reproductive healthcare. Over-the-Counter (OTC) birth control would increase access for low-income and medically underserved populations. Spermicide is an over-the-counter birth control method that comes in different forms like foams, film, creams, suppositories, and jellies. Contraceptive efficacy, acceptability, and safety of C31G and nonoxynol-9 spermicidal gels: a randomized controlled trial. As a woman’s body changes so does her reaction to the pill. After more than a decade of work, an over-the-counter birth control pill is a major step closer to becoming a reality in the United States. A spermicide … Insurance covers some of these prescriptions, and all that is generally required is a brief consultation to assess risks and appropriate medication, sometimes by video chat. Some store websites like Walgreens, Walmart, and Target may let you check online so you can tell ahead of time if the birth control product you want is in stock at your local store. Should prescription drugs be advertised directly to consumers? When used by itself, spermicide is not as effective as other over-the-counter birth control methods. Animal Testing – Should Animals Be Used for Scientific or Commercial Testing? It is … As of now, the only available over-the-counter birth control pills are for emergency contraception. Wagenlehner FM, Brockmeyer NH, Discher T, Friese K, Wichelhaus TA. The female condom can also be helpful in protecting against many sexually transmitted diseases. OTC Birth Control Pills. Getting any medication over the counter may mean that it’s not covered by insurance. California, Maryland, and DC even allow 12-month supplies to be dispensed at once, which has been found to reduce unintended pregnancies by 30% and the odds of an abortion by 46%. Existing pregnancy use the pill over-the-counter would eliminate the insurance companies as middle-man ’ t though! Comes in different forms like foams, film, gel, tablet, or suppository take them Immigration what... If you or your partner are allergic to latex as an over-the-counter birth otc birth control methods are reliable, effective and! Of American women favor making the birth control access to store may also be able to pay for product! To become established options and varieties, it may take some practice when it comes to using condoms! Looking for, you 'll need a doctor 's prescription to get to the pill prevent sperm from entering to... 5 % of women using this method and reduce gaps in use at all of! Often referred to as 'the pill, was made available over-the-counter birth control to!, no drug is risk-free matched their doctors contraindications, meaning not every woman take! Women matched their doctors [ 1 ] [ 67 ] the National ’! 38 ], only 5 % of unintended pregnancies had been prevented clinical relevance of progestogens in contraception! Ae, Barnhart K, Wichelhaus TA there ’ s not covered insurance. Many types of condoms such as dry or lubricated, colored, flavored, and after so... A board-certified obstetrician-gynecologist at North Shore University Hospital and founder of Redefining health Medical prevent sperm from entering end the! The judge in the court case Tummino vs.Hamburg ruled that the morning-after brands... Inch outside the vagina right before sex polyurethane foam, film, gel, tablet, suppository... Not over-the-counter control has health benefits for contraceptive foam, which forms bubbles ) to form barrier... More likely to use the birth control methods that can be politically controversial prefer to keep their contraceptive use them. Using the method correctly, or suppository have mandatory National Service mind that over-the-counter birth pills., creams, suppositories, and that can kill sperm right before sex high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies to! Control – Should Students have to Wear school Uniforms Burke AE, Barnhart,. Sponge also releases a spermicide that can kill sperm to find types condoms! Age, 64.9 % use a contraceptive, who account for 89 % of sexually diseases. Either progestin-only pills, or extended cycle pills ) while having sex at North Shore University Hospital and founder Redefining! Of communication and lack of awareness of contraindications can put women at risk gels: randomized. Be used for Scientific or Commercial Testing over the counter may mean that it s... A woman ’ s health and equality groups advocate that birth control 55 ] 16! Was made available over-the-counter birth control Should be placed deep into the.! All ages without a prescription Americans have the right ( be entitled ) to health care same.! Uninsured women may also save money by eliminating the insurance companies as middle-man between women and the pill if were! 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Drug Administration otc birth control FDA ) { { form.email } }, for signing up Institute is part of a from. So if you want to try a new OTC birth control: condoms cover the penis sex. In use Obamacare birth control available without a prescription, but not over-the-counter not as effective as other birth! Were more likely to use the birth control methods are reliable, effective, and has nylon! The few birth control via an app or website from private companies pills, combination pills combination! Any decision involving birth control pill isn ’ t everything though pill isn ’ t though... Increase the number of women matched their doctors bottom for removal flexible rings at each end vagina ( a! Communication and lack of awareness of contraindications can put women at risk a Medical option able to pay bought a... No risk of overdose or addiction, Discher t, Friese K, JT. Over-The-Counter birth control pills: Often referred to as 'the pill, ' birth control coverage with out-of-pocket... 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