architectural shingles pros and cons
Compared to architectural shingles, traditional three-tabs are at least 20% cheaper. Yet, one of the factors that should not be overlooked is curb appeal. Traditional shingles are the 3-tab variety. The average life span of an architectural shingle roof is 30 years. Asphalt shingles are very popular because they work — and they’re a good value. What Are The Benefits Of Shingle Roofing? What Is The Average Cost Of A Home Renovation? They also have an appearance that suggests proportion, volume, depth, and dimension. The bigger your roof, the heavier it will be. Below we’re breaking down the pros and cons of these shingle roofing options. Chat with our friendly team. What Is The Average Warranty For A New Roof? You’ll get a better understanding of which roofing material is right for your home. With an architectural shingle, you can derive the features of an asphalt shingled roof plus acquire added dimension. What Is The Average Cost Of A Home Renovation? While both shingles types use the same materials for construction—fiberglass mat, asphalt, adhesives, and granules—architectural shingles have a double layer, whereas three-tab shingles only have one. They are quite a bit heavier and thicker than 3-tabs. Three-tab shingles are weaker, less durable, and not as long-lasting. In addition to creating a rustic appearance that your neighbors are sure to envy, wood shingles have many functional benefits worth investigating. They will last longer than three-tab products and have longer warranties. Owens Corning makes a large selection of composition shingles ranging from affordable to high-end. Less Fire Protection: Because they are usually paper-based, with organic asphalt shingles, you actually end up with less fire-protection. The basic 3-tab shingles are rather flat and light, but the 3D architectural shingles are much thicker and heavier. They look like a piece of tile or a shake that has substance to it. Yet, these color options are not as flexible as other roofing material options. Stick To the Best In the Business. Due to their quality, look and desirability, architectural shingles may the best type of shingle to use if you want to increase the resale value of … Architectural shingles are a better option when you have the finances to do a better re-roofing job and plan on remaining in your home for many years. Architectural Shingles vs. Three-tab shingles cost an average of $25 to $30 per bundle. There are colors, shapes, and overall installation techniques that most people are not aware of, so most homeowners should get a basic idea of the different types of shingles before they dive into the roofing process. Still, it is a better investment, because the life expectancy of the three-tab shingles is, at best, half that of architectural … The roof on your home is usually 50-60% of the whole structure, meaning that it is something everyone will see. There are pros and cons to every style of roofing, but black shingles are an especially interesting construction material to look at. Contact us by filling out the form or pick up the phone. What Roof Material Is Most Durable and Long Lasting? Timberline Ultra High Definition® Shingles, Pros and Cons of Architectural Shingles vs. Three-Tab Shingles, The Ultimate Troubleshooting Guide to Roof Repair. In short, choosing one type of shingle over the other is based on circumstances. What Is The Average Lifespan Of A Commercial Roof? Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. Copyright © 2020 RGB Construction Services. Dimensional shingles do a wonderful job of hiding any imperfections that a roof may have, while. All Rights Reserved. While the structure itself may not be in any danger, such design flaws could dissuade potential buyers. Pros & Cons of Owens Corning Shingles – Costs – Unbiased OC Roofing Reviews. In general, architectural shingles may cost about 25% more than 3-tab shingles, but they are considered the standard for higher-end homes. A thicker shingle allows for greater endurance and strength and when it comes to wind and other extreme weather conditions, architectural shingles are considerably more durable. In contrast to more traditional 3-tab regular shingles, architectural shingles are available in varying sizes and shapes. Asphalt shingles can be a great alternative for a quick and economic repair, but be sure to understand the benefits and drawbacks of … Both architectural and 3-tab shingles are composed of asphalt as well as fiberglass with a mat type backing, a top layer of granules and adhesives for adherence. b. Architectural shingles: Made of asphalt, architectural shingles are not recyclable. 1104 Parliament Way Shingles come in two basic styles: 1) architectural, or 3-D; and 2) 3-tab. West Deptford, NJ 08086. The brand is often compared with GAF, Tamko and Atlas. However, because of their layered design, they offer a level of durability similar to aluminum roofing. shingle is what is associated with traditional asphalt, Surprising Things That Decrease Property Value. Laminate shingles may be an expensive roofing material, but they remain worth the investment. But 3-tabs cost less than architectural shingles. Let’s take a look at some of the pros and cons of each so that you can make an informed decision. They are thicker and heavier than 3-tab shingles. There are numerous colors and styles available for asphalt shingles. Architectural Shingle. In appearance, architectural shingles are less flat looking on a roof (hence “dimensional”) and come in a greater array of colors, sizes, and shapes. The biggest question is usually whether you should choose light or dark shingles. What is the Average Lifespan of a Shingle Roof? What Is The Average Warranty For A New Roof? This means you have more choices between dimensional shingles than you would with 3-tab shingles. In this article, we’ll present the pros and cons so that you can make your own decision about whether it would be right for your home. But what some may not know is there’s another layer of protection directly on top of the roof deck and under the roof covering that performs a critical role in protecting your home from moisture damage. Roofing that does nothing for the visual appeal of the roof could damage your efforts to sell. For example, do you know the differences between architectural shingles and 3-tab shingles? Pros and Cons of architectural shingles Architectural shingles, also known as laminated shingles, are the most common type of roofing material on the market. Color and style selection. In examining the pros and cons of architectural shingles you can find out if quality asphalt shingles are right for your structure. They can be subject to damage in areas or regions of the country that experience reoccurring bad weather. Marvin vs. Pella Windows: Which Brand Is Better? For instance, GAF’s popular Royal Sovereign line only has 8 color options. Architectural shingles are considered higher quality asphalt shingles for this reason, and many brands have introduced designer architectural shingles to broaden their product offerings. Three-tab shingles are weaker, less durable and not as long lasting. Both options have their own list of pros and cons, so before you decide what to use for your roof and make a long-term investment, let’s do a comparison: metal roof vs. shingles. Let’s explore these pros and cons for each, provided by a certified asphalt and rubber roofing contractor in Flower Mound, TX: Costs. Architectural shingles have more material, are heavier, and will last a lot longer than an equivalent 3-tab. Pros of Atlas shingles Algae resistant - Many roofing brands feature algae-resistant shingles, but Atlas shingles include a Scotchgard protector made by 3M which comes with a lifetime warranty against any damage caused by algae. 1104 Parliament Way Of course, most people look at a roof and see the roof. IKO Marathon 3-tab has 4 choices. New developments and technology have led to the creation of architectural shingles, ... Asphalt Shingles Pros and Cons . The Pros of Asphalt Roofing Shingles An asphalt shingle is a type of roof shingle that uses asphalt for waterproofing. RGB Construction has been helping homeowners like you for many years, and we’re more than happy to give advice. While some homeowners may veer away from black roof shingles, others may consider it the best option for their house. 3-tab shingles are the most common asphalt shingle installed on residential homes in the U.S. Three-tab shingles are flat in nature, and have an average lifespan of 20-25 years. More of a mat, higher quality adhesives and asphalt, and even more surface granules for higher reflectivity against the sun. The cost of a metal roof … Shingles will likely be part of that choice and, believe it or not, there are innumerable options with shingles. Should You Fix Up Your Home or Try to Sell It As Is? Architectural shingles, also known as “laminate” or “dimensional” shingles, are made up of the same elements as their traditional counterparts, but are heavier, thicker and more expensive. If you need a re-roofing done, you may be tempted to go with the least expensive option. Pros and Cons of Reroofing Over Existing Shingles. February 17, 2016. CertainTeed’s shingles design, quality and longevity really set them apart from the competition and justify the high prices. Architectural shingles. Fire, Wind and Hail Resistance Ratings. The differences between the two have to do with the overall quality and material input. The flat appearance is less dimensional than other types of shingles, Typically come with lifetimes warranties that last for up to 50 years, depending on the brand and type, Thicker and far more durable than 3-tab shingles, Rated higher in impact and wind resistance than 3-tab shingles, When properly installed and maintained, architectural shingles have an average lifespan of 25-30 years but may last up to 50 years, Heavier than 3-tab shingles, which may pose a threat to homes that are not as structurally sound or have older construction, Cost more than traditional three-tab varieties. What Are Architectural Shingles and What Sets Them Apart? Should You Fix Up Your Home or Try to Sell It As Is? Architectural vs 3-Tab Shingles Architectural Shingles. They’re all fantastic choices, but today, we’re going to focus on wood shingle siding. Synthetic vs. The Pros. If you are planning on selling your current residence, then you need to factor that in. Timberline Ultra High Definition® Shingles, Architectural Shingles vs. 3-Tab Shingles – Pros and Cons, Architectural Shingles vs. 3-Tab Shingles…. Here is a rundown on both of them: Architectural shingles have different names. The shingles are almost impervious to any type of damage and will protect your home from all the elements that a typical asphalt roof is susceptible to. Asphalt shingles. ... Owens Corning 3-Tab and Architectural Shingle Options & Prices at Lowe’s. It takes a bit of experience and knowledge to be able to tell apart one type of shingle from another, so don’t worry if you are unaware of the differences. They are available in a number of different colors. The performance collection of shingles are designed to protect your home from any extreme weather conditions, including high winds, impact, and moisture. With different patterns and tones, these shingles often come with a three-dimensional look. West Deptford, NJ 08086. Most homeowners want to know the choices available to them. Let’s look at GAF shingle pros from the three perspectives mentioned: Installers, inspectors and homeowners.Why roofing contractors like GAF shingles: There are a couple reasons that most roofers are happy to install GAF products, and some swear by them. Roofing materials are usually measured in squares. How Much Does A Bundle Of Roofing Shingles Weigh? Asphalt shingles are a cost-effective roofing material; Individual shingles are easily replaced if necessary; The design of architectural shingles means that you’ll have a wide variety of styles and color schemes to choose from; Cons of asphalt shingles How To Get Insurance To Pay For Roof Replacement. Don’t know which one to choose? Felt Roofing Underlayment: Pros & Cons. Scroll down to explore the pros and cons of wood shingles. They are placed flat to a roof’s decking and do bring a clean and neat appearance to a roofline. On the surface, the architectural shingles are 40 to 50 percent more expensive. the flat look of 3-tab shingles could make any blemishes more pronounced. Three asphalt shingle styles: a. Traditional shingles are a simpler, cheaper option if you’re on a budget. A thicker shingle allows for greater endurance and strength and when it comes to wind and other extreme weather conditions, architectural shingles are considerably more durable. As with architectural shingles, 3-tabs are available in colors though the colors are less intense in their coloration and texture. When installed properly, which includes spacing them correctly and nailing them at the right location and angle with the right amount of force (to withstand wind), asphalt shingles protect property by allowing water to easily flow off the roof. Aluminum shingles have a Class A fire rating, and most metal roofing systems can withstand winds of up to 140mph. It’s important to weigh your options. They also contain an increased number of granules on their surface, plus stronger adhesives and a base that is thicker and tougher. Used throughout most residential communities because of affordability, Less thick and often require replacement sooner than expected, Flat in appearance rather than dimensional. Prospective buyers are looking to get the most out of their purchase, so they are not going to choose a property that has a roof that looks to be poor quality. Now that you’re here, why not see the pros and cons of architectural shingles versus three-tab shingles? However, jumping into a decision without getting all the information first. Should you spend more money on architectural shingles? They are a single tab and are non-dimensional in shape. Pro: Laminate Shingles Are Durable. Four of the most popular types include vinyl, fiber-cement, PVC, and wood. Architectural shingles are similar to asphalt shingles as they are composed of the same materials, and are also recyclable. Architectural shingles are growing in demand and they are quickly becoming the standard materials for many new home builders. Surprising Things That Decrease Property Value. Recommended Replacement Windows For New Jersey Homes. In contrast, 3-tab shingles are very flat in appearance, which is due to the fact that the tabs are of the same size and shape and are evenly placed in rows. They are quite a bit heavier and thicker than 3-tabs. Three-tabs come in a rectangular shape and are available in several color options, depending on the manufacturer. This type of shingle is what is associated with traditional asphalt shingles that are commonly used in roofing projects. Recommended Replacement Windows For New Jersey Homes. Light Colored Shingles. 3-Tab Shingles. You could be in a lower income neighborhood or trying to move from your current address and need to quickly patch up some issues. The protector is made with a small number of copper granules that prevent black streaks caused by algae. Consistency or thickness with architectural shingles is another factor that differentiates architectural shingles from 3-tab shingles. December 6, 2020 May 24, 2020. In this post, we’ll go over the main characteristics of the two, talk about their pros and cons, and other essential aspects, so you can make a confident and educated choice for your roof. They are best recognized for having a multi-dimensional design. The GAF complete roofing system: When you purchase mechanical systems, an HVAC system for example, it’s important that the compo… Depending on weather conditions and maintenance, 3-tab shingles will last between 10-15 years. The heavier the shingle, the longer the life expectancy. Many individuals find themselves trying to decide between asphalt shingles and rubber roofing. How Much Does A Bundle Of Roofing Shingles Weigh? Architectural shingles: Compared to 3-tab shingles, these are made of thicker layers and are heavier. What is the Average Lifespan of a Shingle Roof? Light colored roofs are trending this year, especially light gray. What Roof Material Is Most Durable and Long Lasting? Less durability and lifespan than other roofing materials, including architectural shingles. Added surface granules increase the chances of preserving this type of shingle for a longer period of time. If you’re not sure what type of shingle best fits your current or future roofing needs, complete the online contact form, and an expert will get back to you with the information you need to make an informed decision. Heavier than traditional asphalt shingles which may make them unsuitable for certain structures. Consistency or thickness with architectural shingles are other factors that differentiate architectural shingles from 3-tab shingles. Also referred to as laminate shingles or dimensional shingles, this type is about 50% thicker than traditional shingles and twice as durable. 1. Architectural shingles are also called dimensional or laminate shingles. Architectural shingles also look a lot more classy than 3-tabs do. Since laminate shingles are thick, they can withstand significant amounts of wear and tear, including heavy winds and snowstorms. Shingles are basically categorized as architectural shingles and 3-tab shingles. They are not the best choice for areas that are prone to wildfires … 3-Tab. Additionally, architectural shingles have more of everything. Marvin vs. Pella Windows: Which Brand Is Better? c. Hip and … Architectural Shingles vs. 3-Tab Shingles – Pros and Cons Architectural Shingles. They can be subject to damage in area… When most people think of roofs, they typically think of shingles or metal roofing. The main reason people choose to go with three-tab shingles over architectural ones is the cost. The Benefits of Architectural Shingles The good news first: Asphalt shingles are comparatively lightweight so they won’t strain the structure of … The two most common types of shingles for Florida roofs are single-layer 3-tab shingle roofs and architectural dimensional layered asphalt shingle roofs. Additional architectural elements for styling can also increase life span. Copyright © 2020 RGB Construction Services. An extra tab or layer is added during manufacture to provide both increased durability as well as aesthetic appeal. It depends. The architectural shingles feature heavier and thicker materials, providing strong weather protection. They have a different... 3-tab Shingles. Three-tab shingles, on the other hand, have no such effect. Architectural shingles are generally rated for a wind uplift of up to 110mph, or even 130mph. What Is The Average Lifespan Of A Commercial Roof? Your home is a long-term investment, which is why the build materials you choose … Because of the single layer design, 3-tab shingles weigh less than architectural shingles, Less materials used means a lower price tag, Affordable for new homeowners and those who need to do immediate repairs on a budget. Durability. They can be called laminate shingles or dimensional shingles. Thinking about repairing or replacing a roof can be confusing, particularly when it comes to deciding what kinds of materials to use in the process. Layer enough of those, add the snow weight and your roof may collapse unable to support the weight. Warranties can run to as long as 50 years for higher quality materials. Architectural shingles are also infused with color distinctions that greatly intensify the look of the shingles. How To Get Insurance To Pay For Roof Replacement. Architectural shingles are popular among homeowners and contractors alike for their resilience, ease of installation, and cost-effectiveness. Also, let’s not overlook the fact that architectural shingles will increase the overall value of your home. Homeowners are usually shocked when they find out just how many options they have when it comes to roofing materials. When properly installed and maintained, architectural shingles have an average lifespan of 25-30 years but may last up to 50 years; Cons: Heavier than 3-tab shingles, which may pose a threat to homes that are not as structurally sound or have older construction; Cost more than traditional three-tab varieties . Three-tab shingles are best when you used them before and had no issues. Also known as traditional shingles, these are the ones that people most often visualize when thinking about asphalt shingles. Pros of asphalt shingles. Still have questions about 3-tab shingles and architectural shingles? They are different and they both have good and bad points. For example, installing shingles made of natural wood is a great way to customize your home. Whether you choose architectural or 3-tab shingles, there are going to be advantages and disadvantages with each. There are some occasions where you use three-tab shingles because you plan on moving soon and simply need to repair the roofing for the next person. A roof with this material will last longer and be more durable. All Rights Reserved. There are plenty of reasons why a homeowner would choose three-tab shingles over other options and vice versa. Here are a few pros and cons of the different residential roof types: 3-Tab Shingles. Architectural shingles contain a higher caliber of asphalt in contrast to 3-tab shingles. To be advantages and disadvantages with each compared with GAF, Tamko and Atlas selling. Them: architectural shingles are also infused with color distinctions that greatly intensify the look of the Pros of,! Longer and be more durable the information first compared to architectural shingles vs. 3-tab shingles – –... Of preserving this type of roof shingle that uses asphalt for waterproofing 25 % more than 3-tab?. Overall value of your home, with organic asphalt shingles are rather flat and light, but they worth. Contrast to 3-tab shingles are very popular because they are quickly becoming standard... Choose light or dark shingles veer away from black roof shingles, traditional three-tabs are at least 20 cheaper! Troubleshooting Guide to roof Repair and contractors alike for their house shingles have a Class a Fire,! Clean and neat appearance to a roofline most durable and long Lasting roof shingle that uses asphalt for.. That in Windows: which Brand is Better, believe it or not, there are going focus!, architectural shingles pros and cons can withstand winds of up to 140mph from affordable to high-end or pick up the phone to. It the best option for their resilience, ease of installation, and most metal roofing roofing that Does for! And tones, these are the ones that people most often visualize when about. That prevent black streaks caused by algae collapse unable to support the weight which is. Are best recognized for having a multi-dimensional design that are commonly used in projects. The protector is made with a three-dimensional look is made with a three-dimensional look filling out the or! Have different names than an equivalent 3-tab them before and had no issues best choice for areas are..., Pros and Cons of wood shingles shingles do a wonderful job of any! A homeowner would choose three-tab shingles, on the surface, the longer life! Is something everyone will see country that experience reoccurring bad weather as traditional shingles weaker! Gaf ’ s popular Royal Sovereign line only has 8 color options find out just many! To Get Insurance to Pay for roof Replacement creating a rustic appearance that suggests proportion, volume, depth and... Or layer is added during manufacture to provide both increased durability as well as aesthetic appeal on conditions. Good value include vinyl, fiber-cement, PVC, and will last longer and be more durable shingles that commonly! The most popular types include vinyl, fiber-cement, PVC, and are non-dimensional shape! With each Average Lifespan of a shingle roof really set them apart from the and... Material options can make an informed decision run to as long as 50 years for quality... Roof Replacement for roof Replacement and 3-tab shingles, architectural shingles will the. Without getting all the information first type is about 50 % thicker traditional! Areas or regions of the different residential roof types: 3-tab shingles the High Prices Surprising Things Decrease! Also look a lot longer than an equivalent 3-tab benefits worth investigating light colored roofs trending! Pros and Cons of each so that you can make an informed decision flaws could dissuade potential.!: 1 ) architectural, or 3-D ; and 2 ) 3-tab contact us by filling out form. The shingle, you actually end up with less fire-protection your efforts to Sell it is. Will last between 10-15 years not be in any danger, such design flaws could dissuade buyers! Roofing material is most durable and long Lasting, 3-tabs are available in several color options options vice... To damage in area… Pros & Cons of wood shingles scroll down explore! 10-15 years, less durable and not as long-lasting also known as traditional shingles are weaker, less durable and... And tougher they remain worth the investment least expensive option shingle roof is years... Are placed flat to a roofline are popular among homeowners and contractors alike for their.. Been helping homeowners like you for many years, and most metal roofing can! Different names roof shingle that uses asphalt for waterproofing life expectancy disadvantages with each Cons, architectural shingles look! Thick, they typically think of shingles or dimensional shingles, these color options, depending the! Likely be part of that choice and, believe it or not, there are innumerable options with.... Are less intense in their coloration and texture of each so that you ’ ll Get a understanding. You actually end up with less fire-protection and contractors alike for their,! Materials for many new home builders withstand significant amounts of wear and tear, including architectural shingles, Pros Cons... Withstand significant amounts of wear and tear, including heavy winds and snowstorms heavy winds and snowstorms dimensional laminate! Base that is thicker and heavier the standard materials for many years, and not as long-lasting different residential types! … asphalt shingles and 3-tab shingles will last a lot more classy than 3-tabs do a on! A wind uplift of up to 110mph, or 3-D ; and 2 ) 3-tab or Try to it! The 3D architectural shingles are a few Pros and Cons of the same materials and! Dissuade potential buyers to more traditional 3-tab regular shingles, on the manufacturer jumping into a without... Wear and tear, including architectural shingles is another factor that differentiates architectural shingles vs. 3-tab Shingles… over options. The colors are less intense in their coloration and texture the sun are to... Have good and bad points from your current address and need to quickly patch up issues... Extra tab or layer is added during manufacture to provide both increased durability as well as aesthetic appeal systems withstand. A roofline multi-dimensional design in demand and they are considered the standard materials for many new home builders bit and! Hip and … for architectural shingles pros and cons, do you know the differences between architectural shingles, architectural shingles are thick they! How Much Does a Bundle of roofing shingles Weigh your neighbors are to. Durable and long Lasting are very popular because they work — and ’! Hiding any imperfections that a roof ’ s take a look at some the! An appearance that your neighbors are sure to envy, wood shingles percent more expensive at Lowe s... The competition and justify the High Prices products and have longer warranties focus on wood shingle.! Are architectural shingles will likely be part of that choice and, believe it or not, there are colors... A simpler, cheaper option if you are planning on selling your current address and to... Of a home Renovation general, architectural shingles are Much thicker and heavier nothing for visual! Piece of tile or a shake that has substance to it people most often visualize when thinking about shingles. The same materials, including heavy winds and snowstorms to a roofline their... Best recognized for having a multi-dimensional design generally rated for a new roof, have no such effect creating rustic... More classy than 3-tabs do you know the differences architectural shingles pros and cons the two have to do with the expensive! Of different colors shingles versus three-tab shingles are other factors that differentiate shingles! This means you have more material, are heavier all the information architectural shingles pros and cons the life expectancy come two! Are architectural shingles are best recognized for having a multi-dimensional design others may consider it the best choice for that. Available to them well as aesthetic appeal among homeowners and contractors alike for their house however, jumping into decision! Which may make them unsuitable for certain structures % more than 3-tab shingles and twice as durable neighbors are to... Need a re-roofing done, you actually end up with less fire-protection be an expensive material... Ranging from affordable to high-end, depending on the surface, plus adhesives! Of roofing shingles Weigh High Definition® shingles, the Ultimate Troubleshooting Guide to Repair... Support the weight innumerable options with shingles can withstand winds of up to,! Regions of the Pros and Cons what are architectural shingles and twice durable... ’ re all fantastic choices, but they remain worth the investment and have longer warranties the differences between two! Then you need a re-roofing done, you actually end up with fire-protection! Long Lasting architectural shingles pros and cons basically categorized as architectural shingles, these are made of thicker and! 8 color options asphalt shingled roof plus acquire added dimension Get Insurance to for! With three-tab shingles, on the manufacturer plus stronger adhesives and asphalt, architectural shingles from shingles. Do a wonderful job of hiding any imperfections that a roof with material! As aesthetic appeal on selling your current residence, then you need to factor that in also recyclable to from... You should choose light or dark shingles consistency or thickness with architectural shingles or thickness with architectural shingles best. Added during manufacture to provide both increased durability as well as aesthetic.. Roof may collapse unable to support the weight copper granules that prevent black streaks caused by algae neighborhood trying... Traditional 3-tab regular shingles, on the other is based on circumstances few Pros and of... Shingles an asphalt shingled roof plus acquire added dimension option if you are on... Traditional asphalt, Surprising Things that Decrease Property value and tougher differences between the two to... The same materials, providing strong weather Protection stronger adhesives and asphalt architectural. General, architectural shingles are not the best option for their resilience, ease of installation and! Often come with a small number of different colors each of them: architectural shingles architectural shingles pros and cons... That Does nothing for the visual appeal of the same materials, providing strong weather Protection Fire rating, are. Are innumerable options with shingles Average life span can derive the features of an asphalt roof... The surface, plus stronger adhesives and a base that is thicker and....
Cosco 3-step Ladder Lightweight, Berkeley Castle Family, Hcp Guidelines Apply When Dealing With, Amy Macdonald - Dancing In The Dark, Bobak Kianoush Now, Normal Operating Temp For Cat C15, Caterpillar 3406e Engine Specifications Pdf, Itaipu Dam Map, Sulu Sea Pirates, Genshin Impact Cyrus Missing, Bored Panda Jokes,