All of these must be anticipated and conduit leading outside installed before the house floor is poured. Remember that all resistance losses from the meter are paid by the homeowner. Above. There may also be internal design differences between the breakers used in the U.S. and in the Philippines which might affect the safety and effectiveness of your system. Boxes are plastic with brass inserts for the mounting screws. OUR RECOMMENDATION: We live in an area where electricians are called on to install both 230 volt two-wire systems and 240 volt three-wire systems. For this to work, there can be no shortcuts. The rusty plug shown above not only does not have a grounding lug, the blades are identical, so that it can be plugged in without regard to the polarity of the outlet. The electric fence system sends out alerts when tripped or tampered with. This brings us to the mechanics of running conduit for our branch circuits. Most outlets have only a load wire and a neutral wire. There is lots of poor quality electrical gear sold in the Philippines. As of … Cable overcrowded in conduit can overheat. The Definitive Guide to Collaboration System Design. GROUNDING. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. If you buy a pre-built house in a subdivision, did the developer use good parts? The total cost for replacing the 60 meters of service drop was P3,000. The benchmarking included a teardown of the battery, the battery cells, and the thermal-management system. Back Refine Clear. Five new articles have been added: Added new Article 8.40 – Premises-Powered Broadband Communications-Systems has been added. The four stubs of plastic pipe protruding through the top of the wall now carry coax cable to CCTV cameras at each corner of the house. Our electricians were astounded that we were using such heavy cable in a residence. Distance. The utility may provide the wire and/or the meter and bill you for it monthly until it’s paid for. From the utility pole to the residence panel box we have one or two load wires and neutral conductor. So, we bonded the two panel box busses together and made them both hot with 230v. Fortunately, grounded outlets are readily available and that’s what we used. Now we can discuss wiring “branch” circuits. Previous editions of PEC1, at one time or another, permitted a specific number of overcurrent protective devices in a panel board enclosure. Our generator hookup is the simplest and cheapest kind. This allows our lights to be on when we get back after dark and to shut them off at dawn, even if we are still sleeping or away from the house. This Code contains provisions which is necessary for safety and thus is used as basis for the legal enforcement in the installation of electrical system design in the country… It serves as our guide in the assessment and inspection on … The zig-zag or staggered  buses mean that the order of the load and neutral buses are reversed on the left and right buses. Even with a 100 amp panel box, at 230 volts we have an almost 25KW capacity, far in excess of any load we can possibly use. Make sure the neutral (white) wires in branch circuits are attached to the neutral bus in the panel box. Ideally this is done with a special compression splice and splicing tool because copper and aluminum have a different coefficient of expansion, plus the two materials are subject to electrochemical reaction. Generally we don’t use it, but can if we feel the need. Panasonic Wide Series – OK with solid or stranded wire, These Meiji outlets also worked well with stranded wire. This wire connects to the ground bus in the panel box and from there to our earthing system. Above is a photo of a pretty old brass fixture. Ideally, conduit runs should be anticipated and conduit should be cast into beams so that the beams do not have to be cut later to accommodate the conduit running to the lighting and ceiling fans above the beams. Generally, outlets have one wider slot and one narrow slot so that plugs can only be plugged in in one way. (3) Section 1.10.1.25 Lockable Disconnecting Means. From the point of view of the equipment or the power source, the source and return wires are constantly being interchanged. Army, USA, Technical Manual TM 5-811-6, Electric Power Plant Design. We tried to neatly cut the conduit channels into the hollow block using a diamond masonry blade in a 4″ angle grinder. A fifteen amp breaker (and a #12 AWG wire) have a nominal capacity of 1,800 Watts on a 120v circuit and 3,450 watts on our 230v system. Electric pulses are sent through the fence's wires and provide an unpleasant/non-lethal shock once touched. CONDUIT. This can be in the form of grounding pipes or rods. If you use a double-pole breaker you connect to both buses and get a 240v circuit. The GE breakers sold here are 240/415 volt rated. Normally, utility power flows through the DPDT switch to the panel box. Philippine electrical wiring. Above is a snapshot of a generator switch which uses a separate circuit and breaker for circuits which are energized when the generator is running. We ran a separate #14 AWG ground wire to each outlet. 2. They are not fully applicable to urban areas using two 110 volt load wires (including Manila) or to systems around former American military bases. If you had seen two black wires and a neutral leading from the pole to the house, you’re probably dealing with a three wire 120/240V system. https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/SMICO-Hot-New-Products-For-2017_60547920170.html?spm=a2700.7724838.2017115.62.74f855907G2uhc. I work at a switchgear manufacturing MNC as a design engineer and following are the softwares we use. Please take time to read the many comments below. This Code contains provisions which is necessary for safety and thus is used as basis for the legal enforcement in the installation of electrical system design in the country… It serves as our guide in the assessment and inspection on the safeness and completeness of electrical design application in the issuance of electrical wiring permit.” – PEC 2009. Still, it’s best to use these ground wires to prevent serious shocks in case of a failure which connects the hot wire to the metal parts of the appliance. Article 3.10 has been expanded to two parts. Two good places in Iloilo City are Western Lamp and Eastman Electric. Brand new and used for sale. Fixed Electric Space-heating Equipment has been expanded while Fixed Resistance and Electrode Industrial Process heating equipment has also been added. Some of the panel boxes at hardware stores even had aluminum buses. This fact of symmetry seems to be at odds with the distinct labeling of the AC power wires as “hot” and “neutral”. If you buy your panel box and breakers in a hardware store you’ll generally find cheaper brands such as Koten, Meiji, Royu and so forth. From the utility pole to the residence panel box we have one or two load wires and neutral conductor. They are light-weight and support … There are also systems in which the generator automatically starts and automatically switches over when a blackout occurs. The GE double pole breakers we used cost P400  each – after negotiation. This is not impossible as many utility transformers are recycled from the U.S., but it is expensive and in our view the 230 V systems are better unless the homeowner ships expensive appliances from the U.S. What. Starting from scratch, we feel the best option for the 230V two-wire systems is a good bolt-on panel box using genuine GE single-pole bolt-on breakers. Understanding “hot” neutral and ground. Note that only the right bus was used. These wires can run underground or above ground. Types of electrical power distribution systems. TYPES OF ELECTRICAL SERVICE IN THE PHILIPPINES. Sort by Relevance Date Job type Any job type Full time Contract permanent Part time Casual/Temporary Listed date Any time Last 24 hours Last 7 days Last 14 days Last 30 days. Items used only infrequently, say a food processor or sewing machine, it might make sense to bring. This box uses GE-style plug-in breakers. Also the knife switch is in a box, a good idea! Refer to Table. In the space above the ceiling, the wires generally run in flexible plastic conduit. The GE breakers sold in the Philippines are 240/415 volt rated (see photo above). Much of the rest of the world runs on 220-240 VAC but 50 cycle rather than 60 cycle found in the Philippines, creating a problem in importing some European appliances for use in the Philippines. Our duplex feed cable is a #6 AWG load wire which is insulated and wound with an un-insulated neutral wire. It should be noted that these brands are not necessarily cheaper than GE brand breakers sold at specialized electrical supply stores. If the home was recently built, the answer is almost always yes. BRANCH CIRCUITS FOR OUTLETS AND LIGHTS. We had to pay for the duplex wire extending from the meter to our house. This panel of switches controls all outdoor lighting; front and rear gate lights, lights at each corner of the house, and sodium vapor lights in the garage (three way) and yard. If it was three wire it would be referred to as “triplex”. See comments below why some feel rebar does not make a good protective ground. Modern society requires smart, simple, safe, reliable, and economical electric power infrastructure for social, political, and economic activities. Not really. What is the point on spending more to install double pole breakers? This wiring feeds ceiling light fixtures, ceiling fans, some outdoor lighting and our split air conditioners. For that reason, the ground wire is more of a fig leaf than a real solution. New Electrical design engineer Jobs in Philippines available today on JobStreet - Quality Candidates, Quality Employers I have a Leviton brand made in USA outlet I brought with me that has rusty terminal screws. Bob sold his power tools before leaving the U.S. and bought new ones in the Philippines. Electrical Design jobs in Philippines Filter. Republic Act No. The cheaper outlets do not seem to be the same quality but less expensive. The Industry's First 8K Switching and Distribution System. This must have been a huge overload, far beyond 20 amps. Perhaps they are available in Manila? PANEL BOXES. The two have to be spliced together at the weather head. WIRING CALCULATION FOR MULTI-FAMILY DWELLING Multi - Family Dwelling 4 - door apartment. Conduit will be imbedded in concrete floor. New definitions have been included, notably Office of the Building Official/EE (OBO/EE), National Electrical Engineering Law and Service Protective Device. However there are some big differences in materials and techniques between the USA, Europe, the U.K. and the Philippines. The Philippine system of running conduit in the walls can be pretty horrifying when you first see it. Distance. Four new articles have also been added: (1) Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Conduit: Type RTRC. Actuator mechanism – forces the contacts together or apart. These 120 V outlets are seen in hotels, some condos and other places which expect American visitors. Gradually, we learned that circuit breakers are much more complicated than we thought. We found this out the hard way when we had a total short in one of our circuits and the 20 amp breaker did not trip, but instead melted a #12 AWG wire. The shock is strong enough to stop even the most determined intruder. Sometimes proper polarity is not maintained in the wiring. The 6.7 A can be served by a 2.0 No.14 TW copper wire, but the Code limits the … This is not an official copy of the Philippine Electrical Code 2017. If there are three  wires you probably have two 115 volt load (“hot”) wires and a neutral. After the generator is running, we have used one of our air conditioners powered by the generator without a problem. Fortunately, the widely available and excellent Panasonic Wide Series switches and outlets are designated for and work well with stranded wire. It was our electrical engineer who specified using stranded rather than solid wire for our branch circuits. These should work fine on a panel box made for them but, as we have said, we have decided to follow local wiring customs after our earlier misadventure and given the fact that we had already installed a plug-in type panel box. There are two main types of residential electrical service in the Philippines. This consists of one 230 VAC load wire and one neutral wire. Electrical Design Engineer jobs in Philippines Filter. We paid about P30 per meter for each strand of the 4AWG cable. We installed a 250 Watt high pressure sodium light in our yard. Interconnected Electric Power Production Sources and Optical Fiber Cables have been expanded. In professional field proper lighting design is very important because an under lighting arrangement will decrease the efficiency of the task for which the lightings were designed and an over lighting arrangement will result in over expenditure of the company. (1) Deletion of requirement for arc-fault circuit-interrupter due to non-availability for Philippine specifications. Therefore it is connected directly to the grounding (third) wire. It’s remarkable how little consensus there is, even among those who are knowledgeable about wiring. We used a specific GE double pole breaker which is sold and in almost universal use here – the TQL2415X or TQL2420X. Furukawa Automotive Systems Design Philippines,Inc. This brings us to a discussion about panel boxes. require an entirely new electrical system design. Circuits in the residence are generally wired to supply 240 VAC to outlets using the two 120 VAC load wires, much the same as a heavy appliance (dryer, hot water heater etc.) The Philippine electricians we have met have been quite professional. experimenting with breakers, we were not in a mood for further experiments. Utility boxes which will contain switches are half buried in the hollow block wall. We were offered a choice between a panel box using plug-in or bolt-on breakers. From the standpoint of electrical engineering theory, the Philippine system is similar to that used in the U.S. and Europe. Readers have pointed out that since we were splicing aluminum to copper, bimetallic crimps should have been used. We are very happy with the clean look of the recessed lighting, so many exposed fixures are ugly. Electrical Circuits; Electrical System Design; Power Plant Engineering; Admission Requirements. We cut the links on the handles and wired up our panel box. GFI protection in mandatory in much of the world but is expensive and not often seen in the Philippines, despite the fact that electrical shocks and electrocution are a common events here. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Therefore, it is convenient to think of one wire to the load being the “source” wire and one being the “return” wire. The power wire that is grounded is called the “neutral” wire because it is not dangerous with respect to exposed metal parts or plumbing. While the authors have used good faith and efforts to ensure that the information and instructions contained in this work are accurate, the authors disclaim all responsibility for errors or omissions, including without limitation responsibility for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on this work. The Panasonic housing and contact are quite a bit heavier. Listed date. This made them attractive to the rodents. We are far from being panel box experts, but we will share our experiences. One advantage of the rebar ground being in the attic is that it is protected from the corrosion or damage risk outdoor ground rods are prone to. If there are any electrical engineers out there, they could calculate the difference in resistance losses between the larger and smaller service drops. Almost all U.S. residential single pole breakers are made for circuits with 120v loads. Basically, the house is built without much regard to electrical or plumbing runs. The assumption that the two halves of DP breakers can serve as SP breakers proved to be very wrong. Directly earthed and Earthed system. The utility feed cables on the right are from the pole, one black load wire and one un-insulated neutral wire. We then tested the breakers on a test circuit. Just remember that electrical plugs in the U.S. and the Philippines look the same, but the first time you plug your 120v gadget into a 230v circuit, will likely be the end of that item. Panel box wired single pole. Sunday, February 21, 2010. We have various circuits running outside the house; weatherproof outlets on the porch, circuits to the bahay kubo bamboo guest house, circuits to lights on the perimeter fence posts, circuits for security lighting, circuits for porch lights, circuits for the carport, circuits for outdoor split air conditioning compressors and so forth. We chose plug-in because that’s what we were familiar with in the U.S.  As we will see, that was a mistake. Undersized cable is often used. For our purposes let’s call the three wire urban systems as “three wire 120/240V systems” and the two wire systems as “two wire 230V systems”. Compact 4K/60 HDMI Scalers Loaded with Essential Features. If you travel to Philippines with a device that does not accept 220 Volts at 60 Hertz, you will need a voltage converter. The Panasonic outlets grip the prongs of the plugs so strongly that we have pulled the outlets out of the wall when trying to remove a plug. Voltage between phase to phase called Line Voltage and voltage between phase and neutral is called Phase Voltage. Unfortunately, we bought and installed a plug-in style panel box and ended up with no choice but to use double pole breakers. Calibration screw – allows the manufacturer to precisely adjust the trip current of the device after assembly. Two 110 lines in, run a US box with each 110 leg to each side, just like the US. They will even sell one piece according to their listing… I’m planning to order a couple of samples for use in my upcoming home building project “… This way, the nation engineering law remains relevant should Republic Act 7920 be superseded. All of the electrical design calculations would be properly done to assure that safety will be present in the project at hand. Wiring is in flexible plastic conduit. Although the polarity of the two conductors is correct, you will get a vicious shock if you touch this lamp because one of the load wires is frayed and touches the brass case. Above: before pouring a tie beam at the top of the wall above the location for the panel box, the workers place eight pieces of electrical conduit through the form for the beam. Since bare feet on tile are a pleasure of Philippine retirement, this is best avoided. They don't like anyone adding 110. The house can look pretty massacred before the thick finishing coat covers all construction sins. Because the capacity of the generator is limited, less than what’s available from the utility company, we check to see that high consumption circuits (mostly air conditioning) are not on when we start the generator. The “hot” wire gets its name because it is dangerous. DSC 401 & DSC 401 A. Breakers provide protection for both instantaneous large surges in current (short circuit) and lower, longer term overages from an overloaded circuit. (2) In addition to Code requirements on multi-occupancy buildings, their application to site developments -where group(s) of single detached buildings are constructed – have been included, (3) Clarified and expanded provisions on Service Protective Device when installed ahead of Service Equipment, and, (4) clarified provisions on grouping of Disconnecting Means. When embedded in the floor or block walls, the conduit is 25mm rigid plastic. We’ll write more about this later as we add GFI protection to our system. Unfortunately, it is typical for appliances sold in the Philippines to lack a grounding prong on the plug. Stranded wire has a larger diameter than solid wire of the same capacity and therefore will not fit properly into most outlets and switches. There are charts available which specify the required size of conduit. Now to follow the wiring from this point to the panel or circuit breaker box. Most houses today have two 110 volt wires and one neutral wire running into the house from the local distribution system. Learn how Extron technology creates scalable collaboration systems in modern workspaces and meeting rooms. When a double pole breaker is installed, one pole of the breaker protects the load wire and one the neutral wire for each branch circuit. The middle terminals connect to the panel box. The wide arc conduit elbows must be used. Wage rates are negotiable and far more reasonable than in your home country. This simple model is appropriate for DC systems but does not work for an AC system because the flow of the power is continually reversing direction with a frequency of 50 or 60 times per second. Breaker engineering is way beyond our comprehension. At the bottom of each electrical pole is (or should be) a ground rod which is connected to the transformer and to the line serving your house. Pec 2009. We have a ground (earth) provided by the homeowner. The College of Engineering of the University of the Philippines Diliman is the largest degree-granting unit in the U.P. If we had used 20amp breakers, our circuits would have a capacity of 4,600. Just as water is necessary for survival, electricity is indispensable in daily life. One reader commented that he  “found a supplier on Alibaba that sells bimetal AL-Cu crimp connectors  that seem ideal for connecting Al power lines to Cu home drops. In this photo, the workers are feeding the wire through plastic conduit. Circuit breakers protect circuits, GFI devices are designed to sense faults and trip fast enough to prevent fatal shocks. We feel we were right in the first place in thinking that single pole breakers are a good (and more economical)  choice to the 230 volt two wire systems. Step-down transformer. Even if the neutral and hot wires are correctly connected, a shock hazard still exists unless exterior metal parts of the appliance are not grounded via a separate ground wire. With a few exceptions,  Philippine utilities deliver 230 volt, 60 cycle power to your house, but there are differences based on where you live. Please feel free to offer comments, suggestions and corrections. The quality of grounding of the neutral wire can be uncertain due to improper earthing at the pole or in the residence. Here is when we got into trouble. Our electricians used them but cut off strands of wire so that they would fit into the switches. Consider, for example, that (depending on the design of the breaker)  a 30 A breaker will take one hour to trip at a current of 40 A. These electrical conduits were buried in the concrete floor. Panasonic timer switch for security lights. We found three battery-cell designs with different geometries (cylindrical, prismatic, and pouch), along with multiple chemistries. We feel it’s best to buy product designed for the local market and electrical systems. Since we used 12 AWG for our lightly loaded lighting circuits, we have plenty of capacity even with the cut strands. There are no electrical conduit tees. It’s unknown which side may provide over current protection. Sir can you give me the different approved types of wiring base on PEC, Wer can we buy or wer books store available of thats books? It shows how the electrical wires are interconnected and can also show where fixtures and components may be connected to the system. They did not touch the THHN conductors which are in conduit. The meter-to-house wire is referred to as “duplex cable”. It should have been 32mm or 1¼”. Back. An added ground bus in a panel box. We provide full range of Electrical services from Power Generation to Power Distribution such as Planning, Consultation, Feasibility Study, Front End Engineering Design(FEED), Detailed Engineering, Procurement & Construction of oil refineries, chemical plants, gas plants and other industrial plants. A #6 AWG copper conductor runs from the clamp to the panel box. An automatic system would improve security at times when power goes out at night and one has the choice of going outside in the middle of the night to start the generator or to stay inside a dark house, hoping the security lights, air conditioners and fans will come back on soon. About 3% of these are solar energy systems, 1% are water treatment, and 1% are parking equipment. This course deals with the study of electrical system design, installation and cost estimation for single and multi-family dwelling units guided by the provisions of the Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) and other relevant laws and stndards. 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